The Starter is able to convert the power of the battery to the rotating power that starts the engine to allow Volkswagen Golf drivers to bring the car to life with a mere press of a start button or a turn of the key. This Starter uses a large cable supplying current from the battery to an external solenoid, and when the ignition switch provides its signal, the solenoid closes and drives an electric motor, the armature of which rotates within case-mounted field coils or permanent magnets. A drive pinion is moved forward as the electromagnetic force spins the armature to engage the flywheel ring gear to crank the crankshaft until combustion occurs, in which case an overrunning clutch immediately disengages the pinion to avoid damage. Possibly over the years of Volkswagen models, there have been two predominant patterns. First, direct-drive models allowed the armature shaft to turn the pinion at full motor speed, a simple but massive and power-consuming option. Subsequent models applied a gear-reduction system, sliding a small planetary gear system between the armature and pinion to allow the motor to rotate rapidly as the pinion rotates slowly with more torque, reducing weight and electric load, a Volkswagen refinement feature on later Golfs. The Starter also has neutral or clutch safety switches in the control circuit to ensure that the Golf cannot engage when it is already in gear, and this demonstrates the reliability and safety Volkswagen is still concerned with every time it starts the engine.
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