The very essence or benefit of the Volkswagen Passat Coolant Reservoir is to hold additional antifreeze and exclude air in the cooling system to ensure that the engine is maintained at a safe temperature without spilling damaging fluid. A plastic tank found in a Volkswagen engine is placed next to the radiator, with lines of MIN and MAX etched into it, and filled up by expanding coolant rather than spilling onto the road, and the coolant is ejected back into the circuit when the temperatures are low to avoid the air pockets that predispose to rust. The model has applied two main designs over the years, the non-pressurized overflow-type and the pressurized expansion-type Coolant Reservoir, and all types of Coolant Reservoir perform the same role. In the overflow design the spring-loaded pressure cap belongs to the radiator and the tank has an uncomplicated plastic lid, such that increasing pressure causes fluid to spray away, and decreasing pressure causes it to spring back. Subsequent Volkswagen models followed the expansion design whereby the metal pressure cap is mounted on the tank itself, constructed of a heavier reinforced plastic, and attached higher than the radiator such that gravity prevents bubbles in the coolant. In this design the cap releases air when pressure is at the high point and pulls air in when a vacuum exists, allowing the fluid to expand and contract without aerating. The two systems secure waterways by encasing the ethylene glycol and metal particles within the loop. One can easily confirm cold levels in the second-generation Volkswagen Passat after looking at the translucent Coolant Reservoir on a cold morning.
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