The Volkswagen Jetta Brake Caliper transforms hydraulic pressure into the clamping force, which pushes the pads against the rotor, pushing the car to a safe and controlled stop. The master cylinder fluid causes the pistons to push the pads back in the iron or phenolic piston housing, resulting in friction that decelerates the wheel. The cast iron bodies on most factory units of Volkswagen models are equipped with steel or phenolic pistons, dust boots, bleeder screws, and a hose port that supplies the brake fluid. There are two major designs over the years. A floating Brake Caliper is mounted on the inboard side with one or more pistons and slides on lubricated slide pins as the piston forces it inward, a design that is simple and cheap to implement and commonly applied on daily-driven vehicles. The fixed Brake Caliper is a rigidly mounted part fitting the rotor on both sides and biting it with opposing pistons to provide more equal pressure and performance, although at increased complexity and cost. In other generations of the Jetta, rear assemblies have a screw-type vehicle parking brake, and thus a special tool is required to retract the piston during pad replacement. Sticking slide pins or cut seals may cause pulling, dragging, or uneven pad wear, and regular visual inspection by Volkswagen owners will reveal when leaks occur, when boots are damaged, or when pistons are seized before the power loss is noticed and will extend the life of their Volkswagen braking system.
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