The Volkswagen Passat Brake Caliper converts the hydraulic force provided by the master cylinder into the clamping force that forces the brake pads onto the rotor and thus causes the car to decelerate in a predictable and safe manner. Within a rugged cast iron casing, the Volkswagen unit accommodates one or more steel or phenolic pistons, fluid seals, bleeder screws, a hose port, and dust boots to hinder dirt. There are two layouts that the company has been using over the years. Fixed calipers are solidly fixed to the surface and operate paired pistons on either side of the disc, providing strong and balanced stopping; however, they are heavier and require a very true rotor. Sliding calipers or floating calipers are ones that only have their piston or pistons on the inboard side, sliding on polished guide pins so that the inboard pad is clamped by the housing itself, a common choice to provide lower weight and lower cost, although they require clean slides to prevent adhesion to a Volkswagen. Some rear models have a screw-driven parking brake system that clamps the wheels down when the car is parked and would need a rewind tool to rewind new pads after use. In most Passat models, these designs are usually accompanied by warning systems that alert the driver in case of uneven pad wear. Symptoms that indicate that the Brake Caliper is faulty are that it has leaked fluid, a sinking pedal, grinding of the pedal, or the vehicle is pulling sideways. Maintaining every Brake Caliper will ensure that every Volkswagen halts safely.
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